Throttle valve



May 14, 1935. H. F. DOHERTY THROTTLEVALVE Filed May 5, 1953 .Y wf

'dumme/gc y l Y Patented May 14, 1935 l UNITED STATES PTENT OFFICE THROTTLE VALVE Herold F. Doherty, Bridgeport, conn., assigner to Jenkins Bros., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application May 5, 1933, Serial No. 669,601

t-Claims.` (Cl. 251-134) The invention relates to certain improvements atight seal between the\valve head and the seat, in throttle valves especially adapted for use in when tli'e valve is closed, but will effectively olfconnection with air guns and has for its object set the erosive or abrasiveeiects of the high l provide a Valve 0f this type Capable 0f close' pressure gas orair and will insure an accurately and accurate throttling .throughout various regulated throttling action, whenever the same 5 ranges of adjustment without incurring the ab- 'is found necessary. raslve action in valves of this character, to which Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawingd end the device includes a valve head provided with indicates the valve casing, which is illustrated as a disk or washer of resilient material cooperating constituting the nozzle of an air gun, provided at with a valve seat, said head being an independent: one end with a threaded coupling 2 adapted to be 1o element guided in the valve casing and adapted connected with the air une and at its opposite end t0 be engaged With the valve seat by a Spring and with a tip 3. l'I'he intermediate portion of the tO be mOVeCl Way I'Om the Seat by a Stem, guided casing is formed with af partition ordiaphragml 4 in the casing, with a special adapter interposed having a circular opening 5 therein surrounded A1li between the stem and the valve head and occupy by a crowned flange constituting the valve seat, 15

' ing the opening in the valve seat, said adapter. The casing is ormed with a neck portion 1 havbeing of a form to Provide a' Very reslrcted Opening an opening therein in axial alignment with l ing tllIOllgh I611e Valve Seat during the lst' Part the valve seat opening and also in axial alignof the opening movement 0f the head and '00 ment with a threaded boss 9 on the opposite side afford an increasingly larger opening during the of the casing, which is closed by a cap I0 having 20 latter part of the opening movement of said head. a counterbore therein v I The invention ls illustrated ln the accompany' Cooperating with the valve seat 6 is a valve 'lng drawing ln Wnlcnlf head comprising a body portion I2 having a cen- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of an air gun intml boss |3 thereon, which engages the opening .25 Volving 'the novel valve construction Il in the cap I0 and servesas a guide for the 25 30 opened.

Fig 2 iS an enlarged fragmentary Sectional valve head, which latter is provided on its upper elevation showing the valve in its initial opening face with a 'disk or washer I5 of rubber or like lelationresilient material, said valve head being normally Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the valve fully moved by a, spring ls to engage the washe'r or disk I5 with the valve seat. Loosely engaging 30 Fig- 4 iS a View Similar t0 Fg 1 YShowing a medithe valve head is an adapter 20, which consists of fled coilstl'uiion. a body portion'of plugg-like form having a boss Fig. 5 iS a fragmentary VieW, Parffly in Section 24 projecting from one face and engaging the and partly in phantom outline, illustrating a' counterbore I 4 in the valve head I2, the opposite mediiieatiOIl 0f the adapter- -face being provided with a counterbore or socket 35 Fig. 6 is an elevation .partly in section of' a 2|. The portion ofthe adapter immediately adfurther modification of the adapter. jacent the'upper face o f the valve head` I2 is It has been the usual practice to provide throtvcylindrical in cross section and closely l*approxitllng air guns with a truste-conical valve'memmates the opening 5 in the valve seat in cross 40 ber in which the tapered sides of thevalve head sectional area, leaving a relatively small annular 40 subserve the dual functicn ol throttling and COmspace between the cylindrical surface 22 and the pletely closing the' opening through the valve inner wall of the valve seat opening 5. The reseat. Valves of this character have usually been mainder of the adapter 20 is generally frusto-l provided'wlth metal to metal seating surfaces to conical in shape, asf indicated at 23, so that, when prevent sticking'orplugglng, which wouldresult, this portion 'of the adapter occupies the space 45 il the valve head were made of soft material, such dened by the valve seat opening, a regulable and as rubber. l'n throttllng Avalves of this type, ingradually expanding annular opening .between cluding the metal to' metal contactbetween the the adapted and the walls'of the valveseat openplug or .head and the seat, lt has been found diniing is alorded, as indicated in Fig. 3.

- cult to prevent leakage, due to the abrasive action Slidably. mounted in the opening 8 in the neck 50 of the air or gases under pressure 'passingl be- .'I of the valve casing is a stem 30 provided with a tween the valve head or plug and the walls of the reduced lower end 3l, which loosely engages the seat.' l socket 2| in the adapter. The stem is -nnished The present invention is designed to provide a with a button-like head 32, the top surface of 156A vspecial form of valve which will not onlyinsure which is engaged by a cam Sliformedon an op- |455v erating handle 33, which is pivoted at 35 in perforated lugs formed on the valve casing, the end of the lever adjacent the pivotal point being provided with an abutment 36 which limits the swinging movement of the lev'er 33 and prevents the latter beingmoved far enough to permit the accidental displacement of the stem 8. In this particular construction and arrangement, the valve head I2, the adapter'Zl and the stem 3l are formed as separate units so that any one of said elements maybe separately removed and replaced 'in case of undue wear'or other impairment. Moreover, the loose engagement of the adapter with both the stem and head permits the adapter to shift or move laterally a limited distance with respect to those parts, so that it will accommodate itself to the aperture 5 in the diaphragm. This eliminates the extreme precision in manufacture heretofore required to bring the stem, the valve head and the adapter into such perfect axial alignment as would be necessary to provide a very small working clearance,

I such as from two and one-half thousandths to five thousandths of an inch, between the adapterand'the wall of the aperture in the diaphragm. In operation, the valve is Vnormally closed by the spring I 6, which forces the flexible disk or washer I5 carried by the valve head I2 vfirmly into engagement with the flange-like valve seat, thereby effectively sealing the air gun against the escape of air. When it is desired to deliver a relatively small and regulated quantity of air from the gun, the lever 33 'is depressed slightly, thereby moving the valve head away from the seat 6 a slight distance, but, in view of the rela'- tively close fit of the cylindrical portion of the adapter within the valve seat opening, only a small annular opening between the same and the valve seat walls is provided. y Should it be desired to deliver a larger quantity of air, the handle is depressed still further, thereby moving the valve head further away from the valve seat and bringing the tapered portion of the adapter into registry with the opening 5 in the valve seat, the extent of depression of the adapter determining and regulating the quantity of air passing between the adapter and the wall of the valve seat opening. The rapidly moving current of air passing `through the valve in various positions of the latter exercises little or no abrasive eect on the resilient disk or washer I5 and, even if the valve.

seat should be roughened or abraded by the passing air, the resilient' washerwould nevertheless effectively stop all leakage of air .through the valve. when the latter is closed, which is a condition not obtainable in the usual type of throttle valves of this character in which the movingv element in the form of a head or plug is usually frusta-conical and fashioned to t' a conical opening in the valve seat. With the ordinary type of conical valve head or plug and conical seat, any abrasion of the metal to metal elements would inevitably result in leakage of the air and increasing impairment of the parts.

iThe modification of the device as shown, in Fig. 4 differs from that in the preceding figures only in respect of the operating stem 3l', which latter is provided with a collar 3l', which limits the outward movement of the stem and a buttonlike head 33', which may be riveted or otherwise secured to the outer end of the stem. K In the modification shown in Fig. 5, the boss 3I8L on the inner end of the stem 3l is prolonged i 'and extends into the' socket or counterbore of the valve head I2 and the adapter 2l' is formedas a Inthe modification shown in Fig. 6, the adapt-v er 20" is substantially cylindrical in contour and is provided with outwardly flaring grooves 25 extending longitudinally of the surface of the adapter, which grooves present regulably increasing passages for the air, as the adapter is moved downward with respectto the valve seat, the lower cylindrical portionof the adapter serving to restrict the air passage to a very narrow annular opening during the initial opening movements of the valve.

It is to be observed that the various modifications of the invention, as described, all involve the same general structural and operative principles, namely, a valve head 'having a nat engaging sealing surface cooperating with the flanged valve seat and preferably fitted with a resilient disk or washer, which will effect a complete seal with the valve seat, the valve head being associated with an adapter which may move laterally to accommodate itself to the valve opening and which is fashioned to provide lonly a small opening through the valve seat during the initial opening movements of the valve head and to provide a. gradually increasing and regulable opening or passage through the valve seat during the final opening movements, so that the flow of air through the valve may be accurately regulated at all times.

What I claim is:

1. A throttle valve, comprising a casing having an apertured diaphragm forming a valve seat, a valve headguided in said casing' and cooperable with the valve seat, a spring normally seating the head, a stem guided in said casing for moving the head'away from the seat, and an adapter interposed between the stem and the head, said adapter being displaceable laterally with respect to the stem and headto accommodate itself to the aperture in the diaphragm and being of a form to provide a restricted opening between its periphery and the wall of said aperture during the first part of the opening movement of the head and to afford an increasingly larger opening during the latter part of the opening movement of said head. u

2. A throttle valve as described in claim l, in which the adapter includes a section closely conforming to the cross sectional area of the valve seat aperture and an adjacent section of gradually decreasing cross sectional area.

3. A throttle valve as described in claim l, in which the valve seat aperture is circular, the section of the adapter adjacent the valve head is cylindrical and of slightly less diameter than said opening and the following section of said adapter.

is frusto-conical.

4. A throttle valve, comprising a casing having an apertured diaphragm forming' a valve seat, a valve head guided in said casing and cooper-able with the seat, a stem member guided in said casing for moving the head away from the seat, and an adapter member operatively interposed between the stem member and the bead, said head having a r portion and one ot said members having a portion tting loosely within said recessed portion for permitting the adapter to move laterally with respect to the head for accommodating itself to the aperture in the diaphragm, said adapter being formed to provide a restricted opening between its periphery and the wall of said aperture and being oi leas cross sectional area adjacent its upper portion than adjacent its lower portion.

5. A throttle valve, comprising a casing having an apertured diaphragm forming a valve seat, a valve head guided in said casing and cooperable with the seat, a stem guided in said casingv ioi'v moving the head away from the seat, and an adapter interposed between the stem and head, said adapter having a projecting portion extending into the head and said stem having a projecting portion extending into the adapter, said projecting portions being of less cross sectional area than the respectively cooperating portions o! the head and adapter to permit the adapter to move laterally with respect to the head and stem for accommodating itself to the aperture inthe diaphragm, said adapter being formed to provide a restricted opening between its periphery and the wall oi', said aperture.

1 HAROLD F. DOHERTY. 

